Welcome to the Beijing Central Axis, here is the Forbidden City.
🇨🇳 欢迎来到北京中轴线,这里就是故宫(紫禁城)。
📝 Central 中央的 /ˈsen.trəl/;Forbidden City 紫禁城 /fərˈbɪdn ˈsɪti/。
#2👩 Mom
At the heart of the Forbidden City are the Three Great Halls: the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony. Do you know a nursery rhyme about these three halls?
Yes! "Three halls in front, arching to the blue sky; eaves curving upward, like birds flying by. Seven, eight, nine, walking along the tiles. The Hall of Supreme Harmony adds one more beast; the great ridge beast bites tight. Add one sword, thirteen pieces in all. The highest grade, four sloping sides."
Wonderful! All three names contain the character "He" (Harmony), and they all come from ancient Confucian classics. Supreme Harmony represents Great Unity under Heaven; Central Harmony means acting with proper measure; and Preserving Harmony reflects maintaining peace. You just said "adding one beast" and "thirteen pieces"—do you know the full rhyme for these roof figurines?
Let me recite: "The Immortal rides a phoenix at the head; first the dragon, second the phoenix, third the lion; sky horse, sea horse, sixth the fish-dragon; suan-ni, xie-zhi, ninth the buffalo, last Hangshi like a monkey."
Exactly! There are ten figurines in total. In ancient Chinese cosmology, odd numbers are yang—masculine and auspicious. The number nine is the ultimate yang, and adding one makes ten, symbolizing "perfect harmony". The Hall of Supreme Harmony is the only building in China allowed this odd number, showing the highest rank.
Cool! But why do the roofs have so many little animal statues?
🇨🇳 酷!但为什么屋顶上有那么多小兽雕像?
📝 statues 雕像 /ˈstætʃuːz/;animal 动物 /ˈænɪml/。
#8👩 Mom
Great question! The roof style is double-eaved hip roof—the highest architectural grade. These figurines ward off fire and lightning, showing ancient architectural wisdom and symbolism.
I know a folk song: "Golden tiles, golden throne hall; the emperor doesn't sit in the hall. Once out of the Meridian Gate, he's got a nose and two hands." That's funny!
🇨🇳 我会唱一首民谣:"金瓦金銮殿,皇上不坐殿。一朝出了午门口,一个鼻子两只手。" 真有趣!
📝 folk song 民谣 /foʊk sɔːŋ/;throne 宝座、王座 /θroʊn/;Meridian Gate 午门 /məˈrɪdiən ɡeɪt/。